3rd Transport India 2018 expo

Electric Vehicles (EVs)

• EV is an automobile that uses electric motor as the power source with zero carbon emission. The electric energy of the EVs are stored in batteries, which are recharged at home or EV stations regularly
• National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) and FAME (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles) aims to get 6-7 million electric vehicles on the roads by 2020
• The government is aiming to make the country, a 100 per cent electric vehicle nation by 2030
• India first offered tangible support to the electric vehicle industry at the end of 2010, with the new and renewable energy ministry announcing Rs 95-crore incentive scheme me for manufacturers. Import duty on batteries was cut to 4% from 26%. Price rebates of up to 20% were also offered, subject to a maximum of Rs 1lakh for an electric car 

Hybrid-Electric Vehicles (HEVs)

• Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a combination of hybrid and electric vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) propulsion system with an electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain)
• The batteries of the HEV recharges on their own due to the kinetic energy of the automobile being converted to electrical energy
• US is the second largest hybrid electric vehicle market with over 4 million units sold through April 2016 after Japan (over 5 million)
• Indian government launched ‘FAME India – Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric vehicles in India’ in 2015 as part of the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan
• FAME aims to help save Rs. 60,000 crore annually in the country’s oil import bill by 2020

Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs)

• FCV vehicles run on hydrogen rather than gasoline and produce no harmful tailpipe emissions. Fuel cell stack is the heart of FCV, which converts the stored hydrogen gas with oxygen from the air into electricity, powering the motor of the vehicle
• Similar to EVs, FCV’s vehicles quick starts due to high torque from the electric motor and low operating noise
• FCVs can be twice as efficient as similarly sized conventional vehicles and may also incorporate other advanced technologies to increase efficiency

Batteries and Storage Systems

• The fuel consumption and emissions of the transport sector continue to increase whereas the energy use and emissions in other sectors diminish
• Energy storage is the most promising technology to reduce fuel consumption in the transport sector
• An energy storage solution based on a flywheel has already been installed in Hannover, Germany, at a remote extension of the tram system
• The cost of electric vehicle batteries has reduced by more than 35% since 2008, and will continue to decline with technological advancement and volume production
• The predicted market for automobile traction batteries is over $37 billion in 2020

Flywheel Energy Storage (FES)

• Flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) use electric energy input which is stored in the form of kinetic energy
• High-speed flywheels are used in transport applications because of their much lower weight
• Flywheel energy storage are low maintenance, long life, and negligible environmental impact

Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

• Electric vehicle charging stations supply electric energy for the recharging of electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids
• With the increase in ownership of plug-in hybrid and battery electric vehicles (BEV), there is a growing need for widely distributed publicly accessible charging stations
• EVs being a new concept in India, Government subsidy, public awareness, instant technical support and extended manufacturer warranty are the key measures to attract Indian customers.
• In January 2016, India’s EV development programme gained prominence after three of the country’s biggest car-makers signed a pact to jointly develop critical parts for an all-electric hybrid car

Intelligent Transport Systems

• Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) is defined as technology applied to transport and infrastructure to transfer information between systems for improved safety, productivity and environmental performance
• Intelligent Transport Systems will make transport safer, more efficient and more sustainable to all modes of passenger and freight transport
• According to the Standing Committee on Urban Development the Ministry on Urban Development (MoUD) has set up an Inter-Ministerial Core Group on ITS for framing a National framework for it
• MoUD has initiated the Sustainable Urban Transport Project with the support of the Global Environment Facility (GEF), in which five demonstration cities: Indore, Mysore, Naya Raipur, Pune and Pimpri Chinchwad, have been chosen to showcase pilot ITS infrastructure

Connected / Autonomous Vehicles

• The connected car is an automobile designed with direct access to the Internet, enabling automated links to all other connected objects, including smartphones, tracking devices, traffic lights, other motor vehicles — and even home appliances
• Nearly 400 people die in road accidents every day in India and traffic congestion costs the economy a whopping $11Bn
• The government has also laid out plans to invest $1.7Tn by 2020 in upgrading its infrastructure to accommodate smart city projects, the majority of which will be dedicated to road networks
• The number of cars in India with even basic connectivity today is only 1.4 per cent of the total
• According to HIS automotive around 27 million vehicles worldwide are connected to the internet, and the number predicted to triple by 2022

Smart Parking

• Smart parking refers to the use of sensing devices to determine occupancy at the space level or at the lot/structure level
• India is the 7th largest automobile producer in the world, with an annual production of 23.36 million vehicles, including two-wheelers, three-wheelers, passenger and commercial vehicles.
• With the increase in number of vehicles to more than a billions globally, today the Parking industry needs smarter parking operations
• The parking industry in India has been segmented into two types: on-street parking and off-street parking
  – On-street parking, represents about 80-85% of all parking in India and is typically controlled by municipalities 
  – Off-street parking (i.e. garages, lots), which represents about 15% of all parking is largely owned by private enterprise
• The increasing scarcity of space both on road and off road and value of parking spaces mean that efficient systems are required

Alternative Fuel Vehicles

• An alternative fuel vehicle is a vehicle that runs on a fuel other than traditional petroleum fuels; and also refers to any technology of powering an engine that does not involve solely petroleum
• India is currently the fourth largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the world. The transport sector accounts for 13% of India’s energy related CO2 emissions (INCCA, 2010)
• The automotive sector market in India employs nearly 13 million people, directly and indirectly
• Government incentives and policies to reduce carbon footprint, reduce transport related emissions and to attract consumer base for alternate vehicle technologies
• About 49 million automobiles, motorcycles and light duty trucks manufactured and sold worldwide by mid-2015

Smart City Public Transport Systems / Urban Mobility

• The bus market in India is expected to be worth US$ 10.34 billion by 2020, while the monorail market is expected to become $15-20 billon within the next ten years
• At present, 70 to 75 per cent of modes of commuting in most of the Indian cities comprise of walking, cycling and public transport despite the skyrocketing numbers of motorised two wheelers and cars in the last two decades
• Across India, State Transport Units (STUs) managing public transportation are looking for technology enabled solutions to enhance ridership and convenience for commuters

Road Traffic Systems (Safety, security, surveillance)

• Road safety and traffic is one of the biggest urban challenges faced globally. Road crashes and road crime are international problems produced by global society’s increasing dependence on motorised transport
• Every year more than 1.17 million people die in road crashes around the world. Sixty-five percent of deaths involve pedestrians and 35 percent of pedestrian deaths are children
• It is necessary to establish an efficient real-time road traffic control, monitoring and forecasting system with road safety objectives
• With the ‘Safe Cities’ concept, the demand for electronic security systems is on the rise. These include CCTV cameras at every traffic junctions and inside buses & metro rail

Make in India

• Make in India initiative by increasing production capacity and trying to make India a global export hub
• Indian government plans to focus on 25 sectors of the economy for job creation, automotive being one of the most promising sectors
• India is the seventh-largest producer in the world with an average annual production of 17.5 million vehicles
• Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu invited other countries to make India their base for manufacturing as the government would be investing $120 billion over the next five years to develop railway services
• Canada-based passenger trains maker Bombardier is planning to develop India as the exports hub for its products and solutions to cater to Europe, South America and the Middle East markets

R&D in India

• Japanese and European corporations account for 76 percent of R&D spend in the automotive vertical, with North America contributing 20 percent to the global share
• National Automotive Testing and R&D Infrastructure Project (NATRIP – the project has been set up at a cost of USD 388.5 million to enable the industry to adopt and implement global performance standards) and the Automotive Mission Plan (2006-2016) are some of the initiatives of the government to spear head automotive growth
• The pace of economic and industrial progress is directly proportional to the efforts made towards research and development (R&D), which acts as a reliable measure of innovative capacity
• R&D spend in India has grown to 0.9% of the country’s GDP
• India is an attractive destination world-wide as a Research and Development location, especially with Indian companies drawing on local engineering design capability, many companies have already set up their bases for R&D in India

Skill in India

• The Transportation, Logistics, Warehousing and Packaging Sector in India currently employs around 7.3 million persons
• The Transportation, Logistics, Warehousing and Packaging Sector is considered an unattractive career option and fails to attract skilled manpower – this is especially critical in the case of integrated logistics providers
• Most of the persons employed in the transport sector in India are minimally educated and most have studied till 10th standard or below
• The Road freight transport sub-segment in India is unorganised and fragmented, and the majority is composed of small-time entrepreneurs owning one to ten trucks and this segment constitutes around 93% of the total players
• The Delhi Government has made it mandatory for drivers to undergo refresher courses every three years before getting their license renewed
• The government aims to increase India’s present share of 6 percent of global manpower to roughly 6.6 percent by the next decade